sem*n collection, preservation and artificial insemination in the dog (2024)

Zusammenfassung:

Die künstliche Besamung ist ein inzwischen auch beim Hund etabliertes Verfahren. Zum Einsatz kommen Frischsperma bzw. flüssig- und gefrierkonserviertes Sperma. Das Ejakulat wird durch manuelle Stimulation, bevorzugt in Anwesenheit einer läufigen Hündin, fraktioniert gewonnen, wobei zur Herstellung von flüssig- bzw. gefrierkonserviertem Sperma ausschließlich die spermienreiche Fraktion verwendet werden sollte. Die Verdünnung erfolgt üblicherweise mit einem Tris-Eidotter-Puffer mit einem Antibiotikazusatz bei flüssigkonserviertem Sperma, für die Herstellung von Tiefgefriersperma wird Glyzerin zugesetzt. Entscheidend für den Besamungserfolg ist die Wahl des Besamungszeitpunktes, insbesondere bei Verwendung von Tiefgefriersperma. vagin*lzytologie und Vaginoskopie sollten mit einer Progesteronbestimmung verbunden sein, um den für die Samenübertragung optimalen Bereich um 12 ng/ml Plasma zu definieren. Derzeit kommen vier Inseminationstechniken zur Anwendung: die tief intravagin*le Besamung, die transzervikale-intrauterine Besamung mithilfe eines starren Katheters unter transabdominaler Fixation der Zervix, die transzervikale-intrauterine Besamung unter endoskopischer Kontrolle sowie die chirurgische intrauterine Besamung via Laparotomie/Laparoskopie. Bei der Verwendung von Tiefgefriersperma sollte grundsätzlich die intrauterine Samendeponierung angestrebt werden. Als Besamungsdosis werden, unabhängig von der Art des Inseminats, mindestens 150 × 10⁶ vorwärtsbewegliche Spermien empfohlen. Unter optimalen Voraussetzungen können mit der künstlichen Besamung auch beim Einsatz von kryokonserviertem Sperma mit dem natürlichen Deckakt vergleichbare Trächtigkeitsraten und Wurfgrößen erzielt werden.

Summary:

By now artificial insemination in the dog is a well established breeding procedure. Depending on the situation, fresh undiluted sem*n, chilled or frozen sem*n may be used. In general sem*n is collected fractionated by manual stimulation (masturbation) in the presence of a teaser bitch in standing heat. Only the sperm-rich fraction should be used for the production of chilled or frozen sem*n. As a diluent, tris-egg yolkbuffer is commonly used, antibiotics are added in the case of chilled sem*n, and glycerol for cryopreserved sem*n. Definition of the optimal time for insemination is crucial for breeding success, particularly when frozen sem*n is used. vagin*l cytology and vaginoscopy should be applied in conjunction with a determination of progesterone in order to define the optimal time for sem*n transfer (progesterone about 12 ng/ml plasma). At present, four insemination techniques are used: 1. deep intravagin*l insemination, 2. transcervical-intrauterine insemination by means of a rigid catheter and transabdominal fixation of the cervix, 3. transcervical-intrauterine insemination by endoscopic control, and 4. surgical insemination via laparotomy/laparoscopy. Whenever possible, cryopreserved sem*n should be placed intrauterine. It is recommended to use at least 150 × 10⁶ progressively motile spermatozoa for insemination. Provided optimal conditions, pregnancy rates and litter size have been shown to be equal to natural mating, even after the use of frozen sem*n.

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